Applied and Pure Sciences

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Summary

  • Bioscience requires you to have an aptitude not in just Biology, but also Chemistry and Physics
  • The work is also largely conducted in labs so you need to be comfortable spending a lot of time indoors
  • You may study Bioscience through Foundation of Science, Diploma and/or Degree

Introduction

Introduction

Bioscience is the study of living organisms, from the largest mammals and plants to microorganisms. Due to innovations within the industry, Bioscience has been making significant strides and you can see this from the improvements of medicine that cure diseases, environmental techniques that rid of hazardous waste as well as the wide array of food (e.g. seedless fruit) in the supermarket.

If you choose to be a scientist, you need to have an aptitude not in just Biology, but also Chemistry and Physics. You also need to be comfortable being in labs all the time that may require tedious processes, keen observations and high level of accuracy. Developing these habits is not only advantageous in your career, you may also be saving lives. If you imagine yourself discovering a new cure for a rare disease, you need to be prepared of years of repetitive experiments over a long period of time. This is a field that requires patience, tenacity and perseverance.

‘’if you are planning to go into Research and Development (R&D), you will likely need to pursue Master’s Degree or PhD in the relevant field’’

In general, Bioscience has 3 main branches: Biomedical Science, Biotechnology and Biochemistry. However, some universities also offer more specific areas such as microbiology, bioinformatics and food science. Either way, you can expect to also spend a significant amount of time in the laboratory, gaining skills in research methodology as well as lab management.

Various Fields Available

Completing a Bioscience Degree will lead you to eventual specialisations to perform research and solve problems in various sectors, including healthcare, pharmaceuticals and food and beverage. There are also other science-related jobs outside research such as health & safety officer, medical information officer, biomanufacturing quality officer, pharmaceutical sales representative, science journalist and lecturer.

Fields

  • Biomedical Science is the study and application of biology-based science to medical use (e.g. developing a new drug to cure a disease).
  • Biotechnologyis the marriage of living systems and organisms to develop new products and technology (e.g. creating biodegradable plastics, repairing microorganisms).
  • Biochemistryis the study of chemical processes in living organisms (e.g. enzyme behaviour and function).

Types of jobs

  • Bio entrepreneur
  • Biomedical scientist
  • Healthcare scientist
  • Laboratory technologist
  • Medical research scientist
  • Microbiologist
  • Agricultural biotechnologist
  • Analytical scientist
  • Biotechnology lab technician
  • Life sciences research scientist
  • Analytical chemist
  • Clinical research associate
  • Healthcare scientist
  • Life sciences research scientist
  • Scientific laboratory technician
  • Toxicologist

Successful people/ companies

  • V. Narry Kim is a South Korean microbiologist, whose pioneering studies have laid the groundwork for the biology of microRNA and contributed to the improvement of RNA interference technologies. She has been awarded with National Honour Scientist Award in 2010.
  • Astellas Pharma Inc. is a Japanese pharmaceutical company whose R&D focuses on infectious diseases, diabetes, gastrointestinal diseases, oncology, and diseases of the central nervous system.
  • Ramaswami Rajalakshmi was an Indian biochemist and nutritionist. In the early 1960s, she managed and revised a UNICEF-sponsored nutrition program, that at the time included only Western foods that were either expensive or unavailable in India. She developed nutritious, economical diets for Indian families.

Education Pathways

There are several pathways to your desired degree after your Secondary Education. You can choose to pursue a Pre-University course, a Foundation in Science in your chosen university or a Diploma in Bioscience. Upon completion of any of those qualification, you will then be eligible to pursue a Degree in Bioscience.

Types of qualifications

  • Foundation in Science
  • Diploma in Bioscience
  • Degree in Bioscience

Entry requirement

  • Good pass in Secondary Education. Subject prerequisites may apply.
  • Minimum 5 credits in Secondary Education, including Mathematics and Chemistry, Physics or Biology.
  • Good pass in Secondary Education and a Diploma, Pre-University course or Foundation in Science.*

Duration of courses

  • 1 year
  • 2 to 3 years
  • 3 to 4 years

*As a rule of thumb: ‘A’ Level minimum 2 Cs including Chemistry and Biology or Physics; STPM minimum 2 Cs including Chemistry and Biology or Physics; Australian Pre-University minimum of ATAR 65.0; Foundation in Science minimum CGPA of 2.5; Matrikulasi minimum CGPA 2.5.

Summary

  • Pharmacy requires you to have a strong foundation in science, particularly Biology and Chemistry
  • You will also need to obtain a permit and/or complete compulsory service to practice as a pharmacist
  • Just like Medicine, you may study Pharmacy through Degree

Introduction

Introduction

Alongside doctors and nurses, pharmacists help to maintain and restore the health and wellbeing of patients. Pharmacists not only dispense pills to make you feel better but also conduct extensive clinical trials on new drugs in the market.

If you choose to be a pharmacist, you need to have a strong foundation in science, particularly Biology and Chemistry. In school, you will be studying many science-related subjects, all of which can be academically challenging. However, the learning does not stop there as you will also be expected to know many types of drugs, appropriate dosages, their brand names and drug reactions. All of these should not cloud the main purpose of your profession which is to help people and advise both patients and doctors on prescriptions.

‘’just like other healthcare personnel, you can expect irregular working hours and night shifts depending on the hospitals or pharmacies’’

A Pharmacy degree will allow you to learn how a drug interacts with the human body and other drugs, as well as how medicine is made. You may be able to help your patients in the hospitals or the general public in commercial pharmacies or research labs.

Various Fields Available

Completing a Degree in Pharmacy will allow you to pursue a career as a pharmacist in hospitals, industries and research labs. You will also need to obtain a permit and/or complete compulsory service to practice in a particular country.

Fields

  • Academic Pharmacy involves conducting research, teaching and evaluating findings in clinical studies.
  • Hospital Pharmacy involves dispensing medication, preparing intravenous medications, purchasing and testing the quality of medication used in the hospital.
  • Industrial Pharmacy involves drug production for pharmaceutical companies, ensuring its quality and safety.
  • Community Pharmacyinvolves dispensing medication to customers in retail stores.

Types of jobs

  • Academic pharmacist
  • Research pharmacist
  • Toxicologist
  • Pharmacologist
  • Hospital pharmacist
  • Veterinary pharmacist
  • Industrial pharmacist
  • Community pharmacist

Successful people/ companies

  • William E. Evans served as St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital’s director from 2004 to 2014. His research includes genetic and biochemical mechanisms underlying differences in drug effects among children. He has received several national and international awards for his research, including the Rawls Palmer Progress in Medicine Award in 2006.
  • Aurobindo Pharma Limited is a pharmaceutical manufacturing company based in India. The company manufactures generic pharmaceuticals including antibiotics, anti-retrovirals, cardiovascular products, central nervous system products, gastroenterologicals, and anti-allergics.

Education Pathways

There are several pathways to your desired degree after your Secondary Education. You can choose to pursue a Pre-University course or a Foundation in Science in your chosen university. Upon completion of any of those qualification, you will then be eligible to pursue a Degree in Pharmacy. Do your research for your desired university as entry requirements of top-tier institutions are usually more competitive.

Types of qualifications

  • Foundation in Science
  • Degree in Pharmacy

Entry requirement

  • Good pass in Secondary Education. Subject prerequisites may apply.
  • Good pass in Secondary Education and a Pre-University course or Foundation in Science.*

Duration of courses

  • 1 year
  • 4 years

*As a rule of thumb: ‘A’ Level minimum 3 Bs; STPM minimum 3 Bs; Australian Pre-University minimum of ATAR 80.0; Foundation in Science minimum CGPA of 3.0. All qualifications should include Biology, Chemistry and Physics or Mathematics. Good grade in Chemistry is essential.